North American Database of Archaeological Geophysics

Database Report:

Site Name: Army City; Site Number: _____; County: Riley; State: KS; Country: USA; Ownership: U.S. Army; Landform: Kansas River upper floodplain;

Date of Site: AD 1917-1921; Period Type: Historic; Culture: Euroamerican; Site Type: Commercial Center for Military Base; Site Size: 92,400 sq m;

Survey Type: Magnetic Gradiometry;

Instrument: Geoscan Research FM-36; Sampling Interval: 0.25 x 1 m; Prospecting Depth: 1-1.5 m; Area Surveyed: 16,000 sq m; Date of Survey: June, 2002 ; Land Cover Type: Prairie/Hayfield; Ground Truthing: Yes;

Graphics/Imagery:

Magnetic image showing ferrous metal anomalies such as pipes, nails, etc., which reveal outlines of structures at Army City, KS.

A close-up of the magnetic data shows water and sewer lines as dipoles at pipe joints as well as the general distribution of iron litter.

Survey Type: Magnetic Susceptibility;

Instrument: Geonics, Ltd. EM-38, in-phase component; Sampling Interval: 0.5 m x 1 m; Prospecting Depth: 0.5 m; Area Surveyed: 16,000 sq m; Date of Survey: June, 2002; Land Cover Type: Prairie/Hayfield; Ground Truthing: Yes;

Graphics/Imagery:

Magnetic susceptibility image showing possible zones of brick debris, intensive burning, topsoil mounding or extraction at Army City, KS.

Close-up of magnetic susceptibility data with broad areas of high anomalies may represent burned areas from the great fire of 1921.

Survey Type: Electromagnetic Conductivity;

Instrument: Geonics, Ltd. EM-38, quadrature phase; Sampling Interval: 0.5 m x 1 m; Prospecting Depth: 1.5 m with peak sensitivity at 0.4m; Area Surveyed: 16,000 sq m; Date of Survey: June, 2002; Land Cover Type: Prairie/Hayfield; Ground Truthing: Yes;

Graphics/Imagery:

Conductivity image showing highly conductive buried pipes and building outlines at Army City, KS.

Close-up of conductivity data shows highly conductive buried pipes as dipolar because instrument is saturated.

Survey Type: Electrical Resistivity/Resistance;

Instrument: Geoscan Research RM-15; Sampling Interval: 0.5 m x 1 m; Prospecting Depth: 0.5 m; Area Surveyed: 16,000 sq m; Date of Survey: June, 2002; Land Cover Type: Prairie/Hayfield; Ground Truthing: Yes;

Graphics/Imagery:

Overview of resistivity data at Army City, KS.	Vegetation marks of walls from the "Hippodrome" and resistivity image of area at Army City, KS.
Vegetation marks and resistivity image of building footers at Army City, KS.	Close-up of resistance data. High resistance areas (black) probably represents building materials like concrete, stone or brick.

Survey Type: Ground Penetrating Radar;

Instrument: GSSI, SIR-2000 with 400MHz antenna & survey wheel; Sampling Interval: 0.5m x 0.5m; Prospecting Depth: 1.5m; Area Surveyed: 16,000 sq. m; Date of Survey: June, 2002; Land Cover Type: Prairie/Hayfield; Ground Truthing: Yes;

Graphics/Imagery:

GPR data based on a composite of time slices resulting from 8 individual sub-blocks needed to survey entire area.	GPR data after filtering, GSSI Radan program was employed for slicing the data.

Data Integration:

Color composite of five geophysical images for the same area using ground-penetrating radar, electrical resistance, soil conductivity, magnetic susceptibility and gradiometry,with each layer assigned a different color and made translucent

Project Name: Multi-dimensional Remote Sensing: A SERDP Project Fusing Ground, Air, and Satellite Data (Army City Component);

Reference: Ernenwein, Eileen G. and Kenneth L. Kvamme (2002). Multi-dimensional Remote Sensing at Army City Kansas: A SERDP Project Fusing Ground Air, and Satellite Data. Paper Presented at the Plains Anthropological Conference, Oklahoma City 2002.

K.L. Kvamme, J. K. Johnson and B.S. Haley (2004). Integration and Interpretation of Multiple Instrument Applictions in Archaeology: A Guide for Cultural Resource Managers, J. Johnson, ed., University of Alabama Press, Tuscaloosa, in press.

Other Links: http://www.cast.uark.edu/%7Ekkvamme/geop/army_city.htm

Survey by: Kenneth L. Kvamme, Archeo-Imaging Lab, Department of Anthropology & Center for Advanced Spatial Technologies, Old Main 330, University of Arkansas, Fayetteville, AR 72701 USA. Email: kkvamme@uark.edu

Survey for:Strategic Environmental Research and Development Program (SERDP), Department of Defense;

Report Location: Paper on file with Archeo-Imaging Lab;

Report Type: Preliminary paper;

Abstract/Summary